Màu Nước - About Watercolor

November 28, 2021

Màu Nước - About Watercolor

Màu nước là màu mà các hạt màu được pha với nước, đơn giản là thế. Màu nước thường được vẽ trên giấy chuyên dụng được làm từ 50% cotton (loại thường) hoặc 100% cotton (loại chuyên nghiệp).

Watercolor is a kind of color in which pigment are mixed with water. Watercolors are usually painted on specialized paper made from 50% cotton (students grade) or 100% cotton (artist grade).

Màu nước có từ rất xa xưa, đến thời Phục Hưng mới bắt đầu phát triển rộng, hoạ sĩ người Đức Albrecht Durer được coi là một trong những họa sĩ màu nước tiêu biểu đầu tiên, một trong những bức tranh của ông vẽ năm 1502 đang lưu giữ tại bảo tàng Albertina, Vienna, Áo là bức Young Hare.

Watercolor has been around for a very long time, until the Renaissance began to expand, German painter Albrecht Durer is considered one of the first typical watercolor painters, one of his paintings painted in 1502 Currently kept at the Albertina Museum, Vienna, Austria is the painting Young Hare.

Suốt một thời gian dài màu nước thường được dùng để minh họa và nhất là được các kiến trúc sư ưa chuộng trong việc thể hiện phối cảnh các công trình kiến trúc. Màu nước được sử dụng phổ biến đến nỗi người ta lầm tưởng rằng đây là thứ màu rẻ tiền. Thực ra màu nước có rất nhiều loại, loại cao cấp của các hãng danh tiếng thì thậm chí giá đắt hơn các loại màu khác như Daniel Smith của Mỹ, Winsor & Newton của Anh, Horadam Schmincke của Đức, Sennelier của Pháp. Giấy vẽ màu nước cũng đa dạng về giá cả và về chất lượng, loại giấy tốt sẽ có giá đắt hơn tấm vải dùng vẽ tranh sơn dầu.

For a long time, watercolor was often used for illustration and especially for architects to show the perspective of architectural works. Watercolors are so commonly used that people mistakenly think they are cheap colors. In fact, there are many kinds of watercolors, the high quality with famous brand is even more expensive than other colors such as Daniel Smith (US), Winsor & Newton (UK), Horadam Schmincke (Germany), Sennelier (France)... Watercolor paper also varies in price and quality, good paper will cost more than even canvas used for oil painting.

Ngày nay, màu nước phát triển ở khắp thế giới, đồng thời nhờ vào sự phát triển của công nghệ mà màu nước hiện đại có nhiều phổ màu hơn và bền hơn trước. Các họa sĩ đều đồng ý một điểm: tranh màu nước khó vẽ, vì vẽ sai thì không thể sửa như các loại màu khác, cùng với đặc tính loang chảy của nước tạo thành sự độc đáo riêng của từng bức tranh, không thể có vệt loang thứ hai giống y hệt vệt loang thứ nhất. Từng loại bề mặt giấy khác nhau cũng tạo nên hiệu ứng khác biệt kỳ thú.

Nowadays, watercolors are developed all over the world, and thanks to the development of technology, modern watercolors have a wider spectrum of colors and are more durable than before. Artists all agree on one point: watercolor paintings are difficult to draw, because mistakes cannot be corrected like other kind of colors, the fluidity of water forming the uniqueness of each painting, impossible to get a second streak is exactly the same as the first one. Different types of paper surface also make an very interesting difference effect.